Do not eat or drink on the Day of Atonement

The Literal Commandment

If there is any person who will not humble himself on this same day, he shall be cut off from his people. (Leviticus 23:29)

 

The literal commandment is that we should humble ourselves on this same day [the Day of Atonement- verse 28].

 

Messiah Says

Messiah implicitly affirmed this commandment when He spoke about the Law:

"Do not think that I came to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish but to fulfill. For truly I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not the smallest letter or stroke shall pass from the Law until all is accomplished. Whoever then annuls one of the least of these commandments, and teaches others to do the same, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven; but whoever keeps and teaches them, he shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. (Matthew 5:17-19)

 

 

Pictures of Messiah

This commandment pictures Messiah's circumstances when He was given no food or drink on the day He was killed for our transgressions.

 

How Messiah Fulfilled

Messiah fulfilled this commandment by not eating or drinking on the Day of Atonement.

 

Traditional Observance

The traditional observance of this commandment involves abstaining from eating food, drinking water, marital relations, bathing, or wearing leather shoes, belts, etc (which was a sign of luxury). This understanding came from the Hebrew word (anah) that is translated as "humble". In Psalm 35, King David writes that he "humbled his soul" with fasting, prayer, and humble clothing (sackcloth).

The goal was to suppress the desires of our flesh as we prepare to draw near to G-d on His day of our atonement.

  • Eating and drinking satisfy our physical hunger for physical sustenance.
  • Marital relations satisfy our physical hunger for physical intimacy.
  • Bathing satisfies our physical hunger for physical cleanliness.
  • Wearing leather shoes/belts/etc satisfies our physical desire for physical success and riches.

 

By actively suppressing these physical desires, we allow our spiritual desires (which require a spiritual fulfillment) to surface which lead us to the only source of that spiritual fulfillment: G-d alone.

 

Other Notes

We are able to fulfill this commandment and should not eat or drink on the Day of Atonement.

 

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Commandment Details

  • Mishneh Torah # 95
  • Mishneh Torah Book # 3
  • Mishneh Torah Book Times
  • Mishneh Torah Category 13- Rest on the Tenth of Tishri
  • Reference Leviticus 23:29
  • Scripture Book Leviticus
  • Chapter 23
  • Verse 29
  • English If there is any person who will not humble himself on this same day, he shall be cut off from his people.
  • Hebrew כט כִּי כָל-הַנֶּפֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא-תְעֻנֶּה, בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה--וְנִכְרְתָה, מֵעַמֶּיהָ.
  • Greek 29 πᾶσα ψυχή, ἥτις μὴ ταπεινωθήσεται ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ, ἐξολεθρευθήσεται ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτῆς.
  • Parashah 31- Emor
  • Positive/Negative Negative
  • Sefer Hachinuch # 316
  • Sef. Hach. Command The prohibition against eating or drinking on the Day of Atonement
  • Category Appointed Times
  • We can fulfill today Yes

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